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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
“逛吃、逛吃”…… “列车集市”上“年货节”******
(新春走基层)“逛吃、逛吃”…… “列车集市”上“年货节”
中新网内蒙古大兴安岭1月18日电 题：“逛吃、逛吃”…… “列车集市”上“年货节”
作者 张玮 徐率
“您好！葡萄给我来一袋。”
“11元。”
“往前走一走，看一看有啥喜欢的！”
……
春节将至，为了让回家过年的人购买到物美价廉的年货，由加格达奇开往齐齐哈尔的4045次公益慢火车将年货集市搬上列车，沿途乡镇的家乡特产成为“列车大集”上的主角。
穿梭在大兴安岭林海的这趟公益慢火车上，别样年味儿扑面而来。
走进4045次列车的3号车厢，琳琅满目的年货吸引了人们的目光。
75岁的张华军老人家住白桦排，这里每天只通这一趟火车，每年过年他都要到邻村镇上的集市里购买年货，头一次赶上“列车大集”，他不由自主地在车厢逛了起来。
“列车大集”上设有生活物资区、土特产品区、网红零食区、民俗文化区、冻货区等，旅客可以在列车上购买瓜果蔬菜、米面粮油等生活物资，也可以买到木耳、蘑菇、榛子、蓝莓等地方特产，甚至还有对联、福字、灯笼等年货。
图为乘客在列车上赶大集。 王明月 摄李鹏是黑龙江省嫩江市伊拉哈镇伊拉哈中学的一名乡村支教老师，他与这趟列车有着很深的感情。当年，他坐着这辆公益慢火车走出山村求学。春节前夕，他又坐着这趟火车回到家乡支教。
“列车大集”的书籍区吸引了李鹏的目光。“身为教师，看到书就比较亲切，想着选一些适合初中生看的书籍带回学校，孩子们可以在课后看一看，丰富一下他们的情操。”
为了办好这次“列车大集”，列车组在3个月前就开始准备，征集民众对春运集市的需求，最后确定了6个品类的销售货品，其中大多数产品是沿途乡村的土特产，“列车大集”也成为家乡特产的展示平台。
4045次列车长何斌告诉记者，供货商也可以在列车上进行直播带货，打出自己的品牌，助力乡村振兴发展。
图为穿行在林海的公益慢火车。 王明月 摄这趟列车一路向北，跨过嫩江平原，穿越大兴安岭林海，全程431公里，单程运行9小时52分，沿途站停32站，其中，二道湾、青水山、团结、八方、白桦排等14个站每天只有这一趟列车经过。
何斌说：“现在我们各节车厢都是满员，车厢里每天都热闹极了。”
4045次列车至今已运行了40多年，这趟公益慢火车为偏远林区解决了出行难的问题，帮助沿线百姓在精准脱贫、乡村振兴的道路上迎着曙光一路前行。(完)
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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